It is one of the 20 most common natural amino acids. It is hydrophobic, with a methyl group side chain, and is the second-smallest of the 20 after glycine.

Alanine is a non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolism of tryptophan and the vitamin pyridoxine. It is one of the most widely used amino acids in protein construction, averaging about 9 percent of average protein composition.

Symbol: Ala A Molecular Weight: 89.09 Isolectric point (pH) 6.0 Molecular Formula: C3H7NO2

It is one of the 20 most common natural amino acids on Earth, and coded for by DNA. In non-hepatic tissues, Arginine can be biosynthesized by the ornithine cycle. Even so, Arginine is often classed as one of the 10 essential amino acids.

It is a non-essential amino acid, which means that it is biosynthesized in humans.

Cysteine is a naturally occurring hydrophilic (“water loving”) amino acid which has a sulfhydryl (SH) group and is found in most proteins. When it is exposed to air it oxidizes to form cystine, which is two cysteine molecules joined by a disulfide bond.

One molecule of water (H2O) is the byproduct from the creation of each molecule of cystine. Cysteine aids in Phase II Detoxification pathway in the liver.

Cysteine also aids the metabolism of biochemicals such as heparin, biotin, coenzyme A and glutathione. Cysteine is plentiful in amaranth, cottage cheese, fish, poultry, shellfish, and soy products